Free Middle School Science Fair Projects

Free Middle School Science Fair Projects Its hard enough to come up with a middle school science fair project, but its even more challenging to find one that wont cost you any money. Heres a selection of ideas for middle school science fair projects that use materials you likely already have on hand or else allows you to collect data from free sources. For a middle school project, try to propose a hypothesis and design an experiment to test it. Choose a project you can do fairly quickly so that you will have time to work on the report or poster. Do you have a pet? Devise an experiment to determine whether it can see in color or is right/left pawed, etc. If you have multiple pets, see if their handedness is related to gender (male or female).  Do any household chemicals repel (or attract) insects?What ratio of vinegar to baking soda produces the best chemical volcano eruption?What type of plastic wrap prevents evaporation the best? Is plastic wrap more effective than aluminum foil?What plastic wrap prevents oxidation the best?What percentage of an orange is water?Are night insects attracted to lamps because of heat or light?Do white candles burn at a different rate than colored candles?Does the presence of detergent in water affect plant growth?Can a saturated solution of sodium chloride still dissolve Epsom salts? Can it still dissolve sugar?Does magnetism affect the growth of plants?How does the shape of an ice cube affect how quickly it melts? What effect does size have?Do different brands of popcorn leave different amou nts of unpopped kernels? Can you determine how long it takes people to fall asleep? What factors affect how quickly they fall asleep?How do differences in surfaces affect the adhesion of tape?If you shake up different kinds or brands of soft drinks (e.g., carbonated), will they all spew the same amount?Are all potato chips equally greasy? How about chips made from other vegetables (e.g., beets, sweet potatoes)?Do the same types of mold grow on all types of bread? Does the same mold grow on bread as on tortillas?Does light effect the rate at which foods spoil?Can you use a household water filter to remove flavor or color from other liquids?Does the power of a microwave affect how well it makes popcorn?Compare labels on foods. Is the nutritional content of different brands of a vegetable the same?How permanent are permanent markers? What solvents (e.g., water, alcohol, vinegar, detergent solution) will remove the ink? Do different brands/types of markers produce the same results?Is laundry detergent as effecti ve if you use less than the recommended amount? More? Do all hairsprays hold equally well? Equally long? Does type of hair affect the results?What effect do additives have on the crystals? You could add food coloring, flavorings, etc.What steps can you take to maximize crystal size? You can affect vibration, humidity, temperature, rate of evaporation, purity of your growth medium, and time allowed for crystal growth.How do different factors affect seed germination?Is a seed affected by its size? Do different size seeds have different germination rates or percentages? Does seed size affect the growth rate or final size of a plant?How does cold storage affect the germination of seeds?What conditions affect the ripening of fruit?How are different soils affected by erosion? You can make your own wind or water and evaluate the effects on soil. If you have access to a very cold freezer, you can look at the effects of freeze and thaw cycles.How does the pH of soil relate to the pH of the water around the soil?How effective are natural pest det errents?

Bartleby and civil disobedience

Bartleby and civil disobedience Essay The extremely simplified definition of civil disobedience given by Websters Dictionary is nonviolent opposition to a law through refusal to comply with it, on grounds of conscience. Thoreau in Civil Disobedience and Martin Luther King in Letter from Birmingham Jail both argue that laws thought of as unjust in ones mind should not be adhered to. In Herman Melvilles Bartleby, a man named Bartleby is thought of by many to be practicing civil disobedience. His actions are nonviolent, and he refuses to comply with anything his boss says. But his behavior has nothing to do with morals. Bartleby is merely a lonely guy who does not wish to work and has nothing to do with civil disobedience. Thoreau says that if injustice is of such a nature that it requires you to be the agent of injustice to another, then I say break the law (Jacobus 134). He is personally giving permission for an individual to ignore anything he or she finds morally unacceptable. However, in Bartleby, Bartlebys boss places no unjust laws and assigns no unjust work. He simply asks Bartleby to do easy tasks such as, when those papers are all copied, I will compare them with you, or, just step around the Post Office, wont you? And see if there is anything for me (Melville 116). The boss, who is also the narrator, never requests Bartleby to perform any difficult chores. Martin Luther King, Jr.s interpretation of an unjust law is, a code that a numerical or power majority group compels a minority group to obey but does not make binding on itself (Jacobus 159). The injustice described here by King also does not match the characterization of Bartlebys boss. Bartleby needs no civil disobedience since nothing could be considered unjust in the bosss management. Even if an unjust act were placed against Bartleby, he would not have had any cares about the injustice. He was a man who needed a place to live and chose to be a law-copyist. He has no desire to do any work and no desire to interact with other humans. Anytime an order was given, the same response would reply from Bartlebys mouth: I would prefer not to (Melville). Bartleby did not weigh the issues of morality and immorality in his assignments. He just does not want to deal with others. When asked to look over some work with Turkey and Nipping, he refuses. His boss offers him a home, and he refuses this as well. The ending footnote to Bartleby states that Bartlebys previous profession was a subordinate clerk in the Dead Letters Office in Washington. The dead letters he handled had no association to any living person. Bartleby was accustomed to working at a place where dealing with man is unnecessary. As Thoreau says, Dead letters! Does it not sound like dead men? (Melville 140). Bartleby has no connection with civil disobedience. King and Thoreaus ideas of what civil disobedience is do not match up with the actions of Bartleby. Bartleby was not trying to make a statement against unjust laws by not abiding by them. He was just a loner. All his refusals to do what was ordered stemmed from his need to be separated from humanity. Bartleby only wanted to live by himself with nothing but his own thoughts to deal with. .

American Indian Music History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

American Indian Music History - Essay Example the coming of Europeans and the whites to â€Å"the new land† (America), assimilation became a primary tool used by the whites to streamline cultures and create harmony in the white’s quest for expansion and trade in the country. Assimilation policy that was equally developed by the government of the United States has resulted in the erosion of most cultures of the indigenous communities in America. American Indians are among the people who were greatly affected with assimilation relegating their culture almost to extinction. Participation of the American Indians in the west wild show was a crucial step in the preservation of culture through showcasing to the young generation the significance of the culture and association of one to his/her culture. According to Warren, L. S. (pp. 369), paragraph 37 of the article indicates the significance of Wild West dance in preservation of Indian culture where, â€Å"the wild west show was most of all a new genre of Indian perform ance wherein dozens of Indians, some of them renowned war leaders, simulated life before conquest.† Ghost dance appeared as a form of religion that combined the traditional religious practices and some aspects of Christianity. The indicators of the order believed that through the performance of the dance, one could reach a state where communication with the spirit of the dead could be possible. This was thus meant to bring peace and prosperity to the community. According to the whites, Ghost dance was seen as a challenge to their influence in America and religion. The notion that the form of dance was to bring emancipation to the community came at loggerheads with the whites’ interest in America. According to Warren, L. S. (pp. 377) paragraph 66, â€Å"When the department of the interior finally requested the help of the army late in 1890, Milles’s response was to surround areas where Ghost Dancers had large following, and requested that all Indians cone to the

The Development of Marine And Wildlife Tourism In Scotland Essay

The Development of Marine And Wildlife Tourism In Scotland - Essay Example For example, the David Fleay Wildlife Park on the Gold Coast breeds rare and endangered animals (Moscardo et al, 2001), which means that the native species are being cared for and tourists are being offered the opportunity to see something unique. Scotland can definitely learn from this in future development by emphasizing the fact that the Moray Firth and other Scottish marine areas are the best places to see dolphins and whales in the UK (Wilson et al, 1997). Offering something which is unique to the customer will enhance the profits of the area and ensure that visitors keep coming back. The Australian organisation Wildlife Tourism Australia is also an important reference point for many countries wishing to expand on their marine and wildlife tourism sectors. This organisation acts as an important mediator between tourism and conservation of the area. It also encourages donations to wildlife parks that may make conservation efforts easier (Moscardo et al, 2001). This may be particu larly useful in future development; using some of the money made from wildlife and marine tourism to promote the conservation of the local environment. This direction would help ameliorate some of the problems that come from expanding the tourism industry in such important conservation areas. It would also be a selling point to the consumer who wants to make sure that they give back to the environment. Then evaluate the social, economic and environmental value of marine and wildlife tourism that can be gained by Scotland from the development of this specialist tourism. Marine and wildlife tourism holds a spectacular amount of value for Scotland.... This paper stresses that perhaps the most important part of developing the wildlife and marine tourism of the area needs to be ensuring that the wildlife and marine environment is protected. This is to fall in line with some important UK environment laws, and to ensure that the area which is attracting these tourists remains in a state to continue to be an attraction for years to come. Development in the area, particularly around the coastline, needs to be kept to a sustainable level, although growth will be needed if plans are to make Scotland and Moray Firth into wildlife and marine tourist attractions. Additionally, this growth will need to fall in line with UK regulations. This report makes a conclusion that development for tourist provisions will need to be kept well away from these areas to ensure that full protection is given to the wildlife. A good idea for getting visitors involved in the natural environment without damage would be to offer conservation holidays, which would allow them to be part of the work going on in these areas. A good marketing point could be to emphasize the fact that the area has unique species within the UK, and tied into the dolphin and whale spotting mentioned previously. A final way of marketing the area would be to encourage visitors from Scotland and other parts of the UK. This would be good in the current economic climate as many people are choosing to take cheaper holidays. The author talks that co-operation with the society would mean that the preservation of the area in the way most appropriate for the natural environment could be attained whilst also developing it as a visitor attraction.

Cloning :: essays research papers fc

Cloning, as of recent years, has become a very controversial issue. Society is firmly divided on the uses and ethics of cloning. Cloning can rang from producing copies of plants and animals to clones of humans and human organs. But cloning can have several positive effects for the well being of society. Cloning plants can have positive effects fo humans. Scientist can clone plants and alter them to produce healthier food. For example, oranges which contain an abundance of Vitamin C, can be altered to include Vitamin D and Calcium, which is found amply in milk. Cloning can also improve the status of hunger-stricken Third World nations. Fruits and vegetables can be cloned to produce large amounts of food without have to worry about growing season, climate, or any other environmental factor. They can also be alterd to be able to be grown in different environments or to produce more food and for a longer period of time. Cloning animals can have several ramifications. Foremost, is the be nfit of humans. This can be done in two ways. First, cloning animals can help us understand the way our cellss divide, multiply and operate. We can also learn how to fix ceratin disorders, thus leading to tests and research in similar human disorders. For example, sheep have a disease of the brain, called Scrapie, that causes tremors, loss of motion, and eventually death. This disease is very similar to the human disease called Parkinson’s disease. Scientists can try to stimulate new brain cells to divide and regrow damaged areas in the sheep brain first and then try similar procedures for humans. Animal cloning can also lead to better production of food. Ranchers can take one cow, the best out of the whole stock, and clone it. This would improve his sales and our health because we are given a healthier product. Endangered animals can also benefit from animal cloning. For instance, instead of doing lab monitored pregnancies and artificial inseminations for endangered animals, scientists can clone several embryos for the healthiest animal of that species. Working the way up the evolutionary scale leads eventually to cloning human organs and ultimately humans. This is the most controversial area of cloning, but despite the controversy, cloning of human organs and also humans can have some positive effects. To illustrate, kidney tissue can be used to grow a healthy kidney for patients with frequent kidney failures. Cloning :: essays research papers fc Cloning, as of recent years, has become a very controversial issue. Society is firmly divided on the uses and ethics of cloning. Cloning can rang from producing copies of plants and animals to clones of humans and human organs. But cloning can have several positive effects for the well being of society. Cloning plants can have positive effects fo humans. Scientist can clone plants and alter them to produce healthier food. For example, oranges which contain an abundance of Vitamin C, can be altered to include Vitamin D and Calcium, which is found amply in milk. Cloning can also improve the status of hunger-stricken Third World nations. Fruits and vegetables can be cloned to produce large amounts of food without have to worry about growing season, climate, or any other environmental factor. They can also be alterd to be able to be grown in different environments or to produce more food and for a longer period of time. Cloning animals can have several ramifications. Foremost, is the be nfit of humans. This can be done in two ways. First, cloning animals can help us understand the way our cellss divide, multiply and operate. We can also learn how to fix ceratin disorders, thus leading to tests and research in similar human disorders. For example, sheep have a disease of the brain, called Scrapie, that causes tremors, loss of motion, and eventually death. This disease is very similar to the human disease called Parkinson’s disease. Scientists can try to stimulate new brain cells to divide and regrow damaged areas in the sheep brain first and then try similar procedures for humans. Animal cloning can also lead to better production of food. Ranchers can take one cow, the best out of the whole stock, and clone it. This would improve his sales and our health because we are given a healthier product. Endangered animals can also benefit from animal cloning. For instance, instead of doing lab monitored pregnancies and artificial inseminations for endangered animals, scientists can clone several embryos for the healthiest animal of that species. Working the way up the evolutionary scale leads eventually to cloning human organs and ultimately humans. This is the most controversial area of cloning, but despite the controversy, cloning of human organs and also humans can have some positive effects. To illustrate, kidney tissue can be used to grow a healthy kidney for patients with frequent kidney failures.

How tone is created in the story Of Clay are we created Essay

Tone is the attitude the author shows towards the story. And of Clay Are We Made written by Isabel Allende is a story where the author focuses on tone through setting, characterization, conflict, theme, special techniques, and diction. Where the price of human life is nothing, and the leaders are more concerned with other problems. The story takes place in Columbia, South America. For the author talks about the natural disaster taking place, and killing many leading it to create a sad tone. â€Å"In that vast cemetery where the odor of death was already attracting vultures from far away, and where the weeping of orphans and wails of the injured filled the air. †(Page 586) Hence making it obvious that the author is sad. The characters in this story are the Narrator, Rolf Carle, and Azucena. â€Å"The girl could not move, she could barely move, but she did not seem desperate, as if an ancestral resignation allowed her to accept her fate. †(Page 589) Azucena is stuck in the mud for she is pulled downwards by the corpses of her brothers and sisters, creating a sympathetic tone. Isabel clearly creates an admiring tone, when the narrator admires Rolf Carle for staying with Azucena and tries to help her. â€Å"Azucena and Rolf were by my side; I knew everything my love did to wrest the girl from her prison and help her endure her suffering. †(Page592) Therefore, the author creates an admiring and sympathetic tone through characterization. There is a conflict between Rolf and himself, when he understands that he can no longer run away from his past. â€Å"It was impossible for Rolf to flee from himself any longer, and the visceral terror he had lived as a boy suddenly invaded him. †(Page 593) Furthermore the internal conflict that takes place in the story builds up a thoughtful tone. The Theme in this short story is about the objectivity of reporting which creates a sympathetic tone. Emphasizing on the fact that even the reporter that is considered objective has feelings, and might be affected by the events and tragedies he or she sees. â€Å"Camera had a strange effect on him, I came to realize that this fictive distance seemed to protect him from his own emotions†¦your cameras lie forgotten in a closet†(page 588) In this excerpt the narrator is describing Rolf Carle, and states that when he was on air he was a different person. The camera had a strange effect on him, but later on after Azucena’s death he seemed to change and could no longer hide his emotions. The author uses special techniques in this story to build up tone. Isabelle foreshadows Azucena’s death and creates a sad tone. â€Å"A doctor stated that she had fever but added there was little he could do: antibiotics were being reserved for cases of gangrene. † (Page 592) Isabelle’s choice of words referred to as diction; is direct and filled with the narrator’s feelings. The author Isabelle Allende creates a sympathetic, admiring, sad tone through setting, characterization, conflict, theme, foreshadowing and diction. A natural disaster kills thousands of people; an objective reporter faces himself after meeting a young girl.

To Kill A Mockingbird Literary Analysis - 868 Words

Literary criticism, based off literary theory, is an informed, written analysis of a work of literature. Literary Theory means to understand the ways one can connect to the text, such as how archetypal criticism focuses on how symbols affect the story. To Kill a Mockingbird, a fictional novel written by Harper Lee, contains different literary theories. This practice makes the reader feel as though they can decide what certain symbols in the book mean. In the novel, Lee expresses archetypal criticism through the hero, the child, and the scapegoat. The hero archetype is shown through many characters. Link Deas was a hero to Mrs. Robinson when he exclaimed to Mr. Ewell, †Ã¢â‚¬â„¢First thing you can do, Ewell, is get your stinkin carcass off my†¦show more content†¦Scout is one of them, shown when she, â€Å"I broke away from Jem and ran as fast as I could to Atticus.† (Lee 172). Scout running to Atticus proved to be very ignorant of her. It was a tight situation a nd Scout’s blink decision reflects the child archetype. The saying, â€Å"ignorance is bliss†, also shows her extreme innocence. Moreover, Jem was also a child, â€Å"It was Jem’s turn to cry. His face was streaked with angry tears†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Lee XX). Jem’s tears show his innocence, for it is very childlike to cry. He also shows ignorance, he should have been happy that some people in Maycomb were changing. Instead, he bawled his eyes out when things don’t go the way they should. Continually, Scout showed extreme innocence when, â€Å"When he was nearly thirteen, my brother, Jem got his arm badly broken at the elbow.†(Lee XX). Scout thought that Jem was going to die when Jem had his arm broken. She had never seen someone unconscious before, and the unknown terrified her as much as death. This reflects her innocence, the mindset that there’s something in the dark. Furthermore, the child archetype is shown through these characters. Lee also uses her characters as scapegoats in Maycomb. Boo was a scapegoat when Scout said, â€Å"People said he went out when the moon was down and peeped in through windows†¦ any small crime committed in Maycomb was him.†(Lee XX). Whenever something happened in Maycomb, the first name to come to mind was Boo. They used him as an excuse, and BooShow MoreRelatedTo Kill A Mockingbird Literary Analysis Essay1026 Words   |  5 Pages Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird demonstrates organic unity through the use of literary tools to create, maintain, and amplify the central theme. Lee constructs and develops the theme of social inequality by employing dialogue, irony, and an extended metaphor. Through dialogue, the townspeople show contempt for blacks, viewing them and anyone who treats them as equals as inferior. This is evident in the analysis of the conversations of Bob Ewell, Mrs. Dubose, and Francis Hancock where they referRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Literary Analysis Essay1143 Words   |  5 PagesAlmost 30 years later, To Kill a Mockingbird was published with hidden traces of fear getting the best of characters, most commonly without their knowledge. Based on the 1930s, Lee clearly led this book with Roosevelt’s words in mind. Without the concept and representation of fear through the citizens of Maycomb, specifically Atticus Finch, Bob and Mayella Ewell, and Boo Radley, the worry, poor morals, and yearn for pity would not be present in Harper Lee’s, To Kill a Mockingbird. Atticus Finch, theRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird Literary Analysis on Boo Radleys Relations with the Children822 Words   |  4 PagesBoo - Who? You know that old man in every life based movie that no one seems to understand or talk to? 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I watched the movie soon after I read the whole book and it was very fun to pick outRead MoreAnimal Farm Paradox Analysis1013 Words   |  5 PagesPublished Sample Analysis: In this part in Animal Farm, the pigs wish to enact rules that will benefit them at the expense of the other animals on the farm. In one of their rules, a paradox is created whose function is to expose the truth that despite governments claiming to treat everyone equally, they tend to favor certain groups over others. The paradox is created through the statement that some are more equal than others, which is a contradicting statement because if some are more equal thanRead MoreKill A Mocking Bird By Harper Lee Essay1581 Words   |  7 PagesTo Kill a Mocking Bird is a written narrative by Harper Lee. The story is a linked sequence of conflict as seen through the eyes of a little girl named Scout. It looks back at a time when social injustice of prejudice was prevalent. The story if full of interesting characters, some good and some bad, but each very important to the plot of the story. It is very important to understand each of character’s views and the plot of the story as it plays an important role in the overall theme of the storyRead MoreEssay To Kill a Mockingbird: An Analysis of Discrimination893 Words   |  4 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird: An Analysis of Discrimination The most important theme of the 1960 Pulitzer Prize winning novel To Kill a Mockingbird is author Harper Lee’s tenacious exploration of the moral nature of people. Lee tenaciously explores the moral nature of human beings, especially the struggle in every human soul between discrimination and tolerance. The novel is very effective in not only revealing prejudice, but in examining the nature of prejudice, how it works, and its consequencesRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird977 Words   |  4 PagesLiterary Analysis for To Kill a Mockingbird â€Å"There’s something in our world that makes men lose their heads- they couldn’t be fair if they tried. In our courts, when it’s a white man’s word against a black man’s word, the white always wins. They’re ugly, but these are the facts of life.† ************ Along with the main theme of the story, racism, there are multiple other themes that are represented in the story. These include: the coexistence of good and evil, and importance of mortal educationRead MoreThe Setting Of Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1354 Words   |  6 PagesLiterary Analysis Name: Amy Lyons Title: To Kill a Mockingbird Author: Harper Lee Setting: The setting of To Kill a Mockingbird is a small town in south Alabama called Maycomb County in the early 1930s. Point of View: Harper Lee s first, only novel is written in first person due to the fact we see the whole story through Scout s perspective. Theme: One of the crucial themes that Lee based the novel on was racism, which was an extremely controversial topic at the time the book was publishedRead MoreHow Harper Lees life and childhood influenced her writing of To Kill A Mockingbird2417 Words   |  10 PagesHARPER LEES VIEW OF THE 1930S AS A CHILD Harper Lee is well known for her great contributions towards modern society through her astounding book, To Kill a Mockingbird. The novel is read world-wide, in high schools and colleges because of its in-depth look at the social classes in the south during the 1930s. The book was influenced by society, in particular the social order of the south during her childhood. Lee grew up during this time of controversy which is why she writes so passionately about